| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Hoh Fiber, Cordage Roots formerly twisted and made into ropes. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Hoh Food, Vegetable Plant tops eaten as greens. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Klallam Drug, Analgesic Infusion of stalks rubbed on the body for soreness or stiffness. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Klallam Drug, Orthopedic Aid Infusion of stalks rubbed on the body for soreness or stiffness. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Klallam Drug, Panacea Infusion of nettles taken for many ailments. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Kwakiutl, Southern Fiber, Cordage Plants split, dried, pounded and used to make twine and rope. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 292 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Kwakiutl, Southern Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Plants split, dried, pounded and used to make fishing nets. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 292 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Lummi Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of nettles taken by women to relax the muscles during childbirth. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Lummi Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Bark peeled, dried, made into a two-ply string and used for duck nets. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Makah Other, Ceremonial Items Rubbed on the body to purify it after handling a corpse. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Menominee Fiber, Basketry Plant made into hemp twine and used to make fiber bags. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Miwok Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Decoction of root used as a bath for rheumatism. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 174 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Miwok Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Leaf powder rubbed on affected rheumatic body parts. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 174 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Montana Indian Fiber, Cordage Bark used for cordage. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Montana Indian Food, Vegetable Young shoots used as a potherb. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Poison Plant considered poisonous. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 23 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of soaked leaves applied to heat rash. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 392 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Ojibwa Fiber, Sewing Material Bark or rind used as a fine, stout sewing fiber. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 423 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Omaha Fiber, Cordage Dried stalk fiber used to make twine and cordage. The fiber was separated from the nettle by either crumpling the dried stalks in the hands or gently pounding it with stones. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Omaha Fiber, Sewing Material Dried stalk fiber used to make cloth. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Omaha Other, Ceremonial Items Dried stalk fiber made into cloth and used in the Sacred Bundle of the Tent of War. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Omaha Other, Stable Gear Dried stalk fiber made into ropes and used to hobble horses. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Omaha Other, Toys & Games Plant fiber used by little boys as wadding for popguns. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Oweekeno Fiber, Cordage Fiber used to make bow strings, fishing line for jigging, ropes and oolichan traps. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 119 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Oweekeno Food, Unspecified Plant fried and eaten. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 119 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Oweekeno Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Fiber used to make bow strings, fishing line for jigging, ropes and oolichan traps. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 119 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Oweekeno Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Fiber used to make fishing nets. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 119 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Paiute Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Decoction of root used as a wash for rheumatism. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 146 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Paiute Drug, Cold Remedy Decoction of leaves taken for colds. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 146 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Paiute Drug, Diaphoretic Plant used as an inhalant in the sweatbath for grippe or pneumonia. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 146 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Paiute Drug, Herbal Steam Plant used as an inhalant in the sweatbath for grippe or pneumonia. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 146 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Paiute Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Plant used as an inhalant in the sweatbath for grippe or pneumonia. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 146 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Paiute Drug, Pulmonary Aid Plant fumes inhaled in the sweatbath for pneumonia or grippe. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 146 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Paiute Drug, Unspecified Plant used as switch on body as a counterirritant for unspecified purposes. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 146 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Pawnee Fiber, Clothing Dried stalk fiber used to make cloth. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Pawnee Fiber, Cordage Dried stalk fiber used to make twine and cordage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Pawnee Other, Ceremonial Items Dried stalk fiber made into cloth and used in the Sacred Bundle of the Tent of War. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Pawnee Other, Stable Gear Dried stalk fiber made into ropes and used to hobble horses. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Pawnee Other, Toys & Games Plant fiber used by little boys as wadding for popguns. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Pomo, Kashaya Drug, Analgesic Nettle used to strike the skin as a counterirritant for rheumatism and other such pains. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Pomo, Kashaya Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Nettle used to strike the skin as a counterirritant for rheumatism. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Ponca Fiber, Clothing Dried stalk fiber used to make cloth. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Ponca Fiber, Cordage Dried stalk fiber used to make twine and cordage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Ponca Other, Ceremonial Items Dried stalk fiber made into cloth and used in the Sacred Bundle of the Tent of War. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Ponca Other, Stable Gear Dried stalk fiber made into ropes and used to hobble horses. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Ponca Other, Toys & Games Plant fiber used by little boys as wadding for popguns. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Potawatomi Drug, Febrifuge Infusion of root used for intermittent fevers. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 87 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Potawatomi Drug, Unspecified Infusion of leaves used medicinally for unspecified purposes. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 87 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Potawatomi Fiber, Cordage Outer rind twisted into a two-strand cord and used for sewing cattail mats and baskets. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 115 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Quileute Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Whole stalk used as a whip on a person with rheumatism. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28 |